Computer Science And Its First Leap Out Of Mathematics

In the beginning, there was Math; and for a long time after there was only Math. Computer Science is a relatively new field compared to others such as Math, Communication, Philosophy, etc. Computer Science could be boiled down to â€Å"The study of how to compute†. In this way of looking at the field, you can see how it originated from people’s desires to compute faster and more complex problems. This desire led us to the abacus, mechanical calculators, and eventually to the computer. Computer science today is the theory, design and application of computers. Today computer scientists care about more than just solving complex math problems. They care about solving complex global problems like curing disease, identity fraud, and getting people to Mars. World War 2 is where the field of Computer Science made its first leap out of the shadows of Mathematics. It was thanks to the military need to safely test new weapons of mass destruction with the use of computer simulation s that computers got their first push. The military’s desire to encrypt information that a team of humans could not decipher in a reasonable amount of time also helped give rise to machines that could do more complex work than a single human and complete them in faster times than a team of humans. It was various world governments looking to save man power and resources that lead to the shift toward machines, that would one day be computers, working for us. As important as World War II was for the birth ofShow MoreRelatedStatement of Purpose Before letting know my intentions to pursue a Master’s Degree in Computer700 Words   |  3 Pagesto pursue a Master’s Degree in Computer Science, I would like to throw some light on my childhood and the things that triggered me to choose Computer Science as my career. I was astonished when my science teacher told me about the Super Computers and their powerful usage in Space Administration as I was curious in knowing how typical tasks like launching a satellite were accomplished such easily. Throughout my childhood I have been fascinated by computers and computer games, but it was during thisRead MoreSavannah State University Hbcu1028 Words   |  5 Pages required states to provide educational training for black youth. Savannah State’s historical mission was to train black students to embrace all individuals aside from race, ethnicity, culture, or age. Savannah State University introduced their first female students in 1921 as boarders and later became a f our – year college in 1928. In more depth about the school’s several name changes, when Savannah State University became a member of the University System of Georgia in 1932, the name was changedRead MoreEssay On Defense-In-Depth Strategy1218 Words   |  5 PagesTo ensure that the Western Interconnection power grid computer network is properly secured, there needs to be strong defense-in-depth strategies in place. Although they may be strong defense-in-depth strategies, vulnerabilities may be present and used as an advantage point for hackers to gain access to the network. Defense-in-depth strategies will help create risk management to assess certain risks that may be proven as detrimental to a network. The idea behind defense in depth is to manage riskRead MoreThe Context of Elizabeth School Districts Budget Essay802 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents from prekindergarten through 12th grade. This includes regular and vocational as well as special education for handicapped youngsters. The City of Elizabeth is the fourth largest municipality and the fourth largest school district in New Jersey out of 603 districts. The community is culturally diverse and constantly expanding. Approximately 68% of students are classified as Hispanic; 22% black, 8% white and 2% Asian. It’s estimated 44 different languages are spoken by the student body with theRead MoreThe Smartest Kids And How They Got That Way Written By Amanda Ripley1149 Words   |  5 Pagescountries and how the students that are getting the education experience it. What led to the finding out of which country was the smartest country in the world was the Program for International Student Assessment or the PISA test. The PISA t est is a test that was made to test a person s ability to think critically, their communication skills, the ability to solve problems in math, reading and science, along with the students’ preparedness to do well in and be able to cooperate in society. EducationRead MoreEssay about The Role of Science, Ethics, and Faith in Modern Philosophy3606 Words   |  15 PagesThe Role of Science, Ethics, and Faith in Modern Philosophy ABSTRACT: Curiously, in the late twentieth century, even agnostic cosmologists like Stephen Hawking—who is often compared with Einstein—pose metascientific questions concerning a Creator and the cosmos, which science per se is unable to answer. Modern science of the brain, e.g. Roger Penroses Shadows of the Mind (1994), is only beginning to explore the relationship between the brain and the mind-the physiological and the epistemicRead MoreThe National Defense Education Act1901 Words   |  8 Pagesnation time and time again, specifically with regard to science, mathematics and technology. Ten years after the start of the Cold War on October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first ever man-made satellite, Sputnik-1. This action by the Soviets caused immediate concern for the educational system in the United States because this launch proved that the Soviet Union had superior technological capabilities (SOURCE 1). America’s first action was to improve educati on, and this was done throughRead MoreAnalysis Of The First Magic : The Gathering World Champion 1343 Words   |  6 PagesIt is the final round, Bertrand Lestree and Zak Dolan, fighting to take the title of â€Å"the first ‘Magic: The Gathering’ World Champion.† Bertrand takes 2 damage from ‘Karma’ and he casts a ‘Chain Lighting’ on Zak; however, things were not going Bertrand’s way. Zak counters his spell with ‘Power Sink’ and force him to tap his ‘City of Brass’. This is where Zak got 2 life from his ‘Ivory Tower’ (bringing him to 37 life), tapping his library to draw a card, and playing a ‘Tundra’. Finally casting hisRead MoreGaming: Not Just for Entertainment but Also to Learn2418 Words   |  10 Pageshas evolved o How the gaming industry has impacted careers †¢ Presidential recognition of the industry †¢ Concept of gaming used in other professions o Military/armed forces o NASA o Health Care o Education †¢ Other devices used for gaming other than computer and console †¢ Conclusion Gaming, Not a Waste of Time Anymore The concept of gaming, while sounding modern technology , goes further back in history than just a couple of years. With recent discoveries from ancient civilizations like Egypt, RomeRead MoreProfessional Responsibility: the Role of Engineering in Society3084 Words   |  13 Pagesengineer, yet the education process and professional societies pay inadequate attention to the area. If one adopts Skooglunds definition of professional ethics (1) (how we agree to relate to one another), then the codes of professional conduct lay out a road map for professional relationships. As professionals, engineers need to internalize their codes and to realize that they have a personal stake in the application of codes as well as the process of developing the codes. Yet, most engineers view

Because I Could Not Stop for Death and I Heard A Fly Buzz...

Death is a controversial and sensitive subject. When discussing death, several questions come to mind about what happens in our afterlife, such as: where do you go and what do you see? Emily Dickinson is a poet who explores her curiosity of death and the afterlife through her creative writing ability. She displays different views on death by writing two contrasting poems: one of a softer side and another of a more ridged and scary side. When looking at dissimilar observations of death it can be seen how private and special it is; it is also understood that death is inevitable so coping with it can be taken in different ways. Emily Dickinson’s poems â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† and â€Å"I Heard A Fly Buzz When I Died† show both†¦show more content†¦These words help the poem illustrate a pleasing and peaceful experience of departing from this world by comparing it to a setting sun. The transition to her new world was gentle and kind. â€Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died† is more ridged and scary when it comes to explaining death. The narrator is looking at death from the afterlife while seeing the more frightening side of death. This poem’s setting stays entirely in the room. In the beginning of the poem, the fly is disturbing the â€Å"stillness in the room† (Belasco 1331). The stillness in the room means she is dying alone with no family or friends. The start of the poem explains how there was no peace in the death by comparing it to a â€Å"storm.† It can be felt that the speaker is waiting for her death as they can hear the fly buzz like when you hear a clock tick as you wait for time to pass. Since the character has to wait for her departure, it shows she is experiencing a slow death. The fly buzzing plays an important role because it shows the advancement of death. Dickinson shows the progression of death by enhancing the last sense noticed before death when she focuses on h earing the smallest details in her surroundings. As the narrator is nearing her death, she can hear things that the normal average individual wouldnt notice. The fly distracts the narrator’s final moments and upsets her peaceful death. The earthly fly in the end stands between the narrator and the calm spiritual aspect of death. In theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Two Viewpoints of Death in Emily Dickinsons Poetry642 Words   |  3 PagesTwo of Emily Dickinson’s poems, â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz-when I died† and â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† are both written about life’s stopping point, death. Although the poems are written by the same poet, both poems view death in a different manner. Between the two poems, one views death as having an everlasting life while the other anticipates everlasting life, only to realize it does not exist. While both poems are about death, both poems also illustrate that the outcome of death is a mysteriousRea d More Analysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died and Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson593 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died and Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson wrote many poems in her lifetime. She writes two of my favorite poems. They are: ?I heard a Fly buzz when I died? and ?Because I could not stop for Death?. They both have similarities and differences from each other. There are similarities in these two poems such as the theme and the observentness of the narrator. Both of the poems themes involve death. In ?I heard a FlyRead MoreDeath s Shocking Truth By Emily Dickinson864 Words   |  4 Pages Emily Dickinson wrote two poems â€Å"I heard a buzz when- I died† and â€Å"Because I could not stop for death†. In these two poems, Emily Dickinson, describes two very different death experiences. While doing so Dickinson describes what she believes death to be. The poem â€Å"I Heard a buzz when I died,† takes a rough route to death with an even rougher shock. The other poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for death,† takes a gentler route to death with a not so gentle shock. However out of these poems, â€Å"I heardRead More Comparing and Contrasting Dickinson’s Poems, Because I Could Not Stop for Death and I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Died833 Words   |  4 PagesDickinson’s Poems, Because I Could Not Sto p for Death and I Heard a Fly Buzz - When I Died Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was born on 10th December, 1830, in the town of Amherst, Massachusetts. As a young child, she showed a bright intelligence, and was able to create many recognizable writings. Many close friends and relatives in Emily’s life were taken away from her by death. Living a life of simplicity and aloofness, she wrote poetry of great power: questioning the nature of immortality and death. AlthoughRead More The Nature of Death in Emily Dickinsons Poems Essay2263 Words   |  10 PagesEmily Dickinson once said, â€Å"Dying is a wild night and a new road.† Some people welcome death with open arms while others cower in fear when confronted in the arms of death. Through the use of ambiguity, metaphors, personification and paradoxes Emily Dickinson still gives readers a sense of vagueness on how she feels about dying. Emily Dickinson inventively expresses the nature of death in the poems, â€Å"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain (280)†, â€Å"I Heard a fly Buzz—When I Died—(465)â€Å" and â€Å"Because I couldRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death854 Words   |  4 Pages Death is everywhere. From the insect you killed this morning to the family member you lose recently, there is no force stronger than death. Emily Dickinson, a 19th century writer, indulges that fact but also goes beyond it in her work. Dickinson revisits the theme of death in her poetry. Through her work, she shows readers her fascination with death the emotions associated with it. In â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz—when I died† and â€Å"I’ve seen a Dying Eye†, Dickinson shows us a very intimate view of a personRead MoreMortailty and Eternity in Emily Dickinson Poems Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesEmily Dickinson is the epitome of the modern poet. Her poetry breaks from the traditional style with dashes to separate ideas. Dickinson, also, challenged the religious belief of her time. Growing up a s a Puritan in Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson knew the bible, yet as an adult, she questioned that belief. Many of her poems seem focused on death; death of the body, death of the soul, death of the mind. Why was she so intrigued with death? The poems that embody this theme are: â€Å"Success is countedRead MoreAn Analysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Died and Jilting of Granny Weatherall1714 Words   |  7 Pagesprimarily to a future life after death but a transformation in this life of both ourselves and this world† (Peters, 845). Salvation is not only something that can be found after death; people can finds salvation at any point by deciding to make a transformation in their lives to better themselves as well as the world around them. However, most humans seek salvation to find solace in the critical moment of their death; individuals find comfort in the belief of life after death or an eternal sole. SeveralRead More Death in Emily Dickinsons Because I Could Not Stop for Death and I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died965 Words   |  4 PagesDeath in Emily Dickinsons Because I Could Not Stop for Death and I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died Emily Dickinsons two poems, Because I Could Not Stop For Death and I Heard A Fly Buzz-When I Died, revolve around one central theme, death. Though the two do centralize around the theme of death they both have slightly different messages or beliefs about what is to come after death. By discussing both of the poems and interpreting their meanings, the reader can gain a fuller understanding ofRead More Death in Emily Dickinsons Because I Could Not Stop for Death, I Heard A Fly Buzz-When I Died, and I Felt A Funeral In My Brain1449 Words   |  6 PagesDeath in Emily Dickinsons Because I Could Not Stop for Death, I Heard A Fly Buzz-When I Died, and I Felt A Funeral In My Brain Emily Dickinsons poems Because I Could Not Stop for Death, I Heard A Fly Buzz-When I Died, and I Felt A Funeral In My Brain all deal with one of lifes few certainties, death. Dickinsons intense curiosity towards mortality was present in much of her work, and is her legacy as a poet. Because I could Not Stop for Death is one of Emily Dickinsons

The trend in cyclist fatality in Australia - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss aboutThe trend in cyclist fatality in Australia. Answer: Introduction: The report gives a detailed research on two sports conducted in Australia. The chosen sport for this report includes swimming and cycling. However, sports in the continent have been national obsession from time immemorial. Right from hitting the tennis ball on local courts with the friends to participating in organized football competition, the Australians remain very much a part of sports. This sometimes makes it difficult in determining the most popular sport in the country. However, for some Australians playing the sport at any given level is all that matters while others consider being a registered player number. There are many for whom the factors such as revenue generation, figures related to attendance and performance on the global stage is a matter of concern. Sport in Australia played in varied forms. However, the report discusses the sports based on the level of participation irrespective of the age and discusses about the growth, participation trends, future trends and fun ding. Overview of the Chosen Sports The chosen sports include Swimming and Cycling. The overview of each of the chosen sport is as follows: Swimming: Swimming represents a popular sport in Australia with approximately 3.147 million people taking part in it. Almost a close percentage of 48.8% children between the age group of 6 to 13 years take part in it although the figures drop to about 10.1 % for the adults in the age group of 14 years and above (Light, Harvey Memmert, 2013). Parents in Australia take an interest in teaching their children to swim at a very young age. Thus, most of the children make them a part of the swimming competition at the primary school level. The amount of time dedicated to this sport fluctuates between two to ten hours depending on whether the participant is taking up a swimming career or is doing it as a part of his passion (De Bosscher, Sotiriadou, van Bottenburg, 2013). Australia spent around $38 million in supporting Alicia Counts in winning her Olympic gold medal in London. In spite of the massive spending by the Federal Government, the Australian swim team had to survive on less than minimum wage of $20,000 per year. Swimming however has various health benefits since it represents a sport that is never too late for starting (Bherer, Erickson Liu-Ambrose, 2013). Swimming refers to an excellent means for being active and ensures lasting benefits in the form of strong bones, healthy lungs, heart, arteries, flexibility and posture. This sport also reduces the chance of being obese or overweight. Swimming also entails the participants with valuable skills of life like discipline, goal setting, belonging and friendship, teamwork and the ability of saving someone elses life. Cycling: Cycling is one of the second most popular sports for the adults in Australia. Around, 2.343 million Australians become a part of the sport. The country has developed a love for the sport from the moment when the first bike was imported to the country (Zander et al., 2013). People in Australia also cycle for the purpose of transportation and recreation. Thus, riding has become a common activity in Australia. A great cycling goal achieved with training over a period of 10 to 12 weeks although it can achieved in a matter of 8 weeks. While training the distance should not increase on a weekly basis as, it can cause injuries. The state and territory government of Australia spent around $3.7 million in encouraging and promoting the use of bicycle in addition to spending around $93.8 million for building the facilities and infrastructure. Australia had a road related expenditure of about $15.8 billion (Jolly, 2013). This is equivalent to about $4.20 cents per person. The environmental, economic and social benefits of cycling has forced both the state level as well as the common wealth in setting targets related to bicycle use although in reality it was found to be quite low. Cycling as a sport entails many health benefits for the participants. The sport not only improves mental wellbeing but also helps in promoting weight loss. Cycling also helps in building muscles and ensures better lung health (Deenihan Caulfield, 2014). Cycling also reduces the risk of heart disease and cancer. The sport also helps the participant to sleep better thereby boosting brainpower. Through cycling, not only the navigational skills are improved but also the immune system strengthened. Growth of the Sport in Australia or Worldwide Swimming: The growth of swimming as a sport in Australia has been quite impressive since the peak governing body for this sport has recorded a registered member close to 100,000 across 1100 clubs across the country that included coaches, swimmers, administrators, officials and volunteers (Howells Fletcher, 2015). Australia also has a governing body known as Swimming Australia whose vision is to make enhance the growth of swimming as a sport through outstanding performance, commercial excellence and increased participation. Australian swimmers have also been a regular feature at the Olympic Games. According to the survey carried by National Sporting Goods Association, swimming has been the third most popular sport in the United States based on the rate of participation. Statistics shows that there has been an increase trend in the participation rate for this sport. Cycling: The cycling as a sport had a growth phase under the supervision of Charlie Walsh who has been the cycling coach at a national level from the year 1980 to the year 2001(Beck et al., 2017). Under his supervision, the international ranking of the sport moved from 20 and 30 in the track-cycling category to first in the nation and third at the Summer Olympics of 2000 in Sydney. Cycling as a sport also gathered recognition worldwide. For instance in USA, the sport has a official governing body that focuses on achieving sustained success in the cycling competition held internationally and at the same time support the growth of competitive cycling in United States. USA cycling has around 2400 clubs and teams and around 70000 licenses including that of coaches, mechanics, competitive cyclist and officials (Henning Dimeo, 2015). The figure itself determines the popularity of the sport. The country recorded a steady growth in the participation rate of the sport to about 63 percent from the year 2002. Participation Trends for each of the Sports over Time Participation Trends in Swimming Figure 1: Participation Trend in Swimming Source: (Knechtle, Rosemann Rst, 2014) Swimming considered as a common sporting activity in Australia with participation trend of about one in every two kids and one in every ten adults taking a plunge according to the latest National Sports Participation report. The combination of data derived from a survey carried out in December 2014 on Australians at the age group of 14+ and the kids in the age group of 6 to 13 years showed that one in every seven Australian goes swimming on a regular basis that is around 14.4% ( Sotiriadou Wicker, 2014). Combining data for the year to December 2014 from the Single Source survey of Australians aged 14+ and the Young Australians survey of kids aged 6-13 shows that overall one in seven Australians regularly go swimming (14.4%) Participation Trends in Cycling The participation trend of cycling in New South Wales had a decreasing trend between the year 2015 and 2017 that was significantly below the baseline that persisted in the year 2011. However, Victoria and South Australia experienced a significant decrease in the participation rate of cycling between the 2011 and 2013 that stabilized afterwards. Queensland however had a small decline in the participation trend of cycling between the year 2011and 2015 with some trends of improvements in the year 2017. There was no significant change in the participation trend in the Northern territory (Fishman, Washington, Haworth, 2013). Western Australia showed a slight decline in the participation trend which was balanced with a steep jump by the year 2015. The capital territory of Australia however showed an increased participation in cycling. The Australian Capital Territory may have experienced in increase in cycling participation, although this is only evident from the 2017 data and does not reflect a trend observed over the survey period. Future Trends of the Chosen Sport Swimming: The future trends in Swimming include: Participants targeting to become a one sport Athlete: The trend is increased number of participants are solely dedicated to single sport specialization that makes them a one-sport athlete unlike previous times when participants focused on multiple sports. Increased importance of cross training: Due to the likelihood of the people for participating in a single sport will be an increased requirement for cross training for avoiding any kind of injuries occurred due to repetitive motion. Evolvement of athletic specific food and beverage: There has been a new discovery related to the diet of the swimmers that are available in the form of shake mixes and protein bars (Hendrickx et al., 2016). In addition, there are also newer discoveries related to calories, fats and carbohydrate that will have an influence on the diet of the athlete. Influence of technology: With the availability of wearable technology, there is a chance of increased tracking and enhanced data driven training taking place inside the pool (Lepers et al., 2013). There is a possibility of availability of the digitally connected swimsuits that will be possess the capability of monitoring stroke rate, speed and various different sets of data. Cycling: The future trends of cycling greatly impacted by technology. Thus, the future trends include (Boufous Olivier, 2015): Use of Disc Brakes: The use of the disc brakes provides the bike owner with the facility where he does not have to remove the wheels for looking at the disc brake system. The brake system also possesses a better power for stopping. Availability of Electric bikes: The electric brakes ensure easier commutation and are fun to ride. These bikes require much lesser effort as it allows easy operation. These bikes allows commutation in the hills have lesser impact on the health. Availability of smarter turbo: The availability of the turbo trainers allows connectivity and computation with Smartphone and allows replicating the resistance that gives the feel of riding indoors. Availability of tubeless tires and rims: The tubeless tires are puncture proof and prevent avoiding sudden air loss in case of puncture. Recommendations for Future Funding for each Chosen Sport Swimming: The future funding for swimming can come from the personal excellence grant section of Swimming Australia. They offer the winning edge category of the athletes for nomination with the help of personal excellence advisor. However, the personal excellence coordinator of Swimming Australia sanctions the funding. In order to avail the funds it is necessary to contact the state based Personal Excellence Advisor. Cycling: The future funding for cycling in Australia can come from Nick Green who is the CEO of organization known as Cycling Australia. This will also act as a motivating factor for country in racing towards the Olympics of 2020. Conclusion: The report ends by providing recommendations on the future funding of Australia for both swimming and cycling. There is also discussion on the participation trends of swimming and cycling over time. The report also discusses about the growth of both the sports in Australia and worldwide. There is also a brief discussion on the each of the chosen sport of Australia that allows one develop various insights. The report also provides an interesting viewpoint on the Australias obsession about the various types of sports. References: Beck, B. R., Daly, R. M., Singh, M. A. F., Taaffe, D. R. (2017). Exercise and Sports Science Australia (ESSA) position statement on exercise prescription for the prevention and management of osteoporosis.Journal of science and medicine in sport,20(5), 438-445. Bherer, L., Erickson, K. I., Liu-Ambrose, T. (2013). Physical exercise and brain functions in older adults.Journal of aging research,2013. Boufous, S., Olivier, J. (2015). Recent trends in cyclist fatalities in Australia.Injury prevention, injuryprev-2015. De Bosscher, V., Sotiriadou, P., van Bottenburg, M. (2013). Scrutinizing the sport pyramid metaphor: an examination of the relationship between elite success and mass participation in Flanders.International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics,5(3), 319-339. Deenihan, G., Caulfield, B. (2014). Estimating the health economic benefits of cycling.Journal of Transport Health,1(2), 141-149. Fishman, E., Washington, S., Haworth, N. (2013). Bike share: a synthesis of the literature. Transport reviews, 33(2), 148-165. Hendrickx, D., Stephen, A., Lehmann, D., Silva, D., Boelaert, M., Carapetis, J., Walker, R. (2016). A systematic review of the evidence that swimming pools improve health and wellbeing in remote Aboriginal communities in Australia.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,40(1), 30-36. Henning, A. D., Dimeo, P. (2015). Questions of fairness and anti-doping in US cycling: The contrasting experiences of professionals and amateurs.Drugs: education, prevention and policy,22(5), 400-409. Howells, K., Fletcher, D. (2015). Sink or swim: adversity-and growth-related experiences in Olympic swimming champions.Psychology of sport and exercise,16, 37-48. Jolly, R. (2013). Sports funding: Federal balancing act.Parliamentary Library: Information Analysis Advice Commonwealth of Australia. Knechtle, B., Rosemann, T., Rst, C. A. (2014). Participation and performance trends by nationality in the English Channel Swimfrom 1875 to 2013.BMC sports science, medicine and rehabilitation,6(1), 34. Lepers, R., Rst, C. A., Stapley, P. J., Knechtle, B. (2013). Relative improvements in endurance performance with age: evidence from 25 years of Hawaii Ironman racing.Age,35(3), 953-962. Light, R. L., Harvey, S., Memmert, D. (2013). Why children join and stay in sports clubs: Case studies in Australian, French and German swimming clubs. Sport, Education and Society, 18(4), 550-566. Olivier, J., Walter, S. R., Grzebieta, R. H. (2013). Long term bicycle related head injury trends for New South Wales, Australia following mandatory helmet legislation.Accident Analysis Prevention,50, 1128-1134. Sotiriadou, P., Wicker, P. (2014). Examining the participation patterns of an ageing population with disabilities in Australia.Sport Management Review,17(1), 35-48. Zander, A., Passmore, E., Mason, C., Rissel, C. (2013). Joy, exercise, enjoyment, getting out: a qualitative study of older people's experience of cycling in Sydney, Australia.Journal of environmental and public health,2013.

Performance Evaluation and Certification †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Performance Evaluation and Certification. Answer: Introduction A total building performance brief could be effective in diagnosing and even evaluating the performance of any existing building, to ensure that the buildings use and performance is in accordance with the space, energy, and user requirements of the building (Hensen, and Lamberts, 2011). The essence of a building is the support of the occupants needs through assuring the occupants comfort and health standards at the premise (Crawley, Hand, Kummert, and Griffith, 2017). Researchers in the fields of real estate management and office management have developed the total building performance mandates which mainly target the visual, acoustic, thermal, spatial, building integrity and assessment, as well as the indoor air quality assessments (Schlueter, and Thesseling, 2009). These mandates ought to be analyzed considering the psychological, physiological, social, economic, technical, and regulatory needs of both the building occupants and its users. These mandates when assessed according to the needs of the building occupants and users, they assure the users of sustainability, flexibility, and usability of the facilitys comfort and health (Nawawi, and Khalil, 2008). The physical space requirements are; a general office with space for 20 to 25 work stations, including hot-desking, 5-8 private offices for section heads, 2 meeting rooms, a print/equipment room, kitchenette and staff meal room, storage and other ancillary space. There also need to be a controlled access for visitors to the meeting rooms, and the accommodation needs to operate on extended hours and weekends. Regulatory requirements are that there should be a controlled access for visitors to meeting rooms, and also the accommodation needs to operate on extended hours and weekends (Baird, 2016). The components of a TBP brief analyze the limit of acceptability, the building performance limits, and the terms of evaluation criteria, as shown in the figure below. Flexibility and reliability of the building plan to the specifications of the users and occupants of the building will be achieved through the utilization of intelligent by the control system and proper lighting which occupants will enjoy the health and comfort within the building (Wong, and Jan, 2013.) The occupants of the buildings will also require an assurance of safety to provide the occupants with the expected psychological needs. Physical needs will be assured by the visual and mechanical properties of the building and thus stability. Regulatory requirements will easily separate office occupants and visitors. The occupants and users with disability will also be considered to evaluate all dimensions of the building (Preiser, and Schramm, 2012). The spatial comfort between the occupants workstations will guarantee the required sociological and physiological needs of the users and occupants of the premises. The dynamism and changing aspects of the premises will affect the reliability and flexibility of the premises for its intended purpose (Pheng Low, Ying Liu, and Hiong Oh, 2008). The psychological limit of acceptability is achieved through the control of environmental aspects and thus health and comfort assuring the sociological and economic limits of accessibility. Reliability, flexibility, and usability of the office premises can only be negatively affected by maximizing maintenance as it disturbs health and comfort of occupants (Yezioro, Dong, and Leite, 2008). Conclusion The TBP is an approach that allows a construction to be assessed an evaluated by utilizing the users and occupants of the buildings needs of the said space. It provides a consistent approach to analyze the requirement of the building which then guides the implementation of the relocation project throughout the building procedure. This has clearly brought out the benefits of accessing office premises by considering numerous building performance mandates. This helps to evaluate the suitability of the premises for the expected purpose ensuring the six mandates of the building performance are within the set acceptable limit considering both objective and subjective audits. References Augenbroe, G., 2012. Integrated building performance evaluation in the early design stages. Building and Environment, 27(2), pp.149-161. Azhar, S., Brown, J. and Sattineni, A., 2010, June. A case study of building performance analyses using building information modeling. In Proceedings of the 27th international symposium on automation and robotics in construction (ISARC-27), Bratislava, Slovakia (pp. 25-27). Baird, G. ed., 2016. Building evaluation techniques. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. Crawley, D.B., Hand, J.W., Kummert, M. and Griffith, B.T., 2017. Contrasting the capabilities of building energy performance simulation programs. Building and environment, 43(4), pp.661-673. Hensen, J.L. and Lamberts, R., 2011. Introduction to building performance simulation. Building performance simulation for design and operation, pp.365-401. Hien, W.N., Poh, L.K. and Feriadi, H., 2008. The use of performance-based simulation tools for building design and evaluationa Singapore perspective. Building and Environment, 35(8), pp.709-736. Kelly, S., Crawford-Brown, D. and Pollitt, M.G., 2012. Building performance evaluation and certification in the UK: Is SAP fit for purpose?. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(9), pp.6861-6878. Nawawi, A.H. and Khalil, N., 2008. Post-occupancy evaluation correlated with building occupants' satisfaction: An approach to performance evaluation of government and public buildings. Journal of Building Appraisal, 4(2), pp.59-69. Pheng Low, S., Ying Liu, J. and Hiong Oh, K., 2008. Influence of total building performance, spatial and acoustic concepts on buildability scores of facilities. Facilities, 26(1/2), pp.85-104. Preiser, W.F. and Schramm, U., 2012. Intelligent office building performance evaluation. Facilities, 20(7/8), pp.279-287. Schlueter, A. and Thesseling, F., 2009. Building information model based energy/exergy performance assessment in early design stages. Automation in construction, 18(2), pp.153-163. Wong, N.H. and Jan, W.L.S., 2013. Total building performance evaluation of academic institution in Singapore. Building and Environment, 38(1), pp.161-176. Yezioro, A., Dong, B. and Leite, F., 2008. An applied artificial intelligence approach towards assessing building performance simulation tools. Energy and Buildings, 40(4), pp.612-620.