Iiillegal Logging

According to Filipino officials, rampant illegal logging and mining were likely a part of the cause for the high casualty count from Category 5 Typhoon Bopha (Pablo), especially in the Compostela Valley where government officials had warned people to stop the illegal activities. So far, 370 people have been found dead on the island of Mindanao with another 400 missing. Waters rose so high even emergency shelters were inundated. â€Å"If you abuse nature, nature will get back at us,† Benito Ramos, executive director of National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), said. This is due to decades of mining and logging. Our forests are already deluded and there are tunnels left by small-time miners. † Illegal logging and mining has stripped many hillsides bare in Mindanao, which has forest cover of only 10 percent. Deforestation means flash floods flow unimpeded, leading to cataclysmic land and mud slides that can bury whole towns. â€Å"The water was as h igh as a coconut tree,† a local farmer, Joseph Requinto, told the Associated Press. â€Å"All the bamboo trees, even the big ones, were all mowed down. † Unfortunately these tragic environmental disasters are becoming a recurring theme in the Philippines, less than a year Typhoon Sendong killed over 1,200 people on the same island. The extensive destruction wrought by this storm—which impacted over 300,000 people—was also blamed at least partly on illegal logging. Logging has banned throughout the Philippines since February of 2011 in order to avert disasters such as this, but illegal logging remains a rampant problem. Yet, while illegal logging and mining certainly worsened the death toll of Typhoon Bopha, there may another component to the storm's wrath: climate change. Warmer world may equal worse typhoons, hurricanes â€Å"Climate change is now a clear and present danger and a national security concern for our country,† Filipino Senator, Loren Legarda, said last year after the devastating Typhoon Sendong. Scientists continue to debate the connection between climate change and hurricanes and typhoons (both names for tropical cyclones). However a general consensus is emerging that while climate change may not increase the total number of hurricanes, it is likely increasing the extremely intense ones, much like Hurricane Sandy that struck the U. S. East Coast a little over a month ago. Climate change is intensifying tropical cyclones in a number of ways: rising sea levels create worsening storm surges, while a warmer atmosphere draws in more water from the oceans leading to increased precipitation, worsening the chance for flash floods such as those spawned by Bopha. In addition, unseasonably warms seas may be extending both the tropical cyclone season and its geographical reach: Typhoon Bopha hit a region of Mindano that has never been hit by such extreme cyclones. It also hit late in the season. We have never had a typhoon like Bopha, which has wreaked havoc in a part of the country that has never seen a storm like this in half a century. And heartbreaking tragedies like this is not unique to the Philippines, because the whole world, especially developing countries struggling to address poverty and achieve social and human development, confront these same realities,† Naderev Sano, climate negotiator for the Philippin es, said today in an impassioned speech at the 18th UN Climate Summit in Doha, Qatar, which has been crawling along the last two week. Sano pointed to the disaster as more evidence to move aggressively on climate change at a conference where observers say little progress is being made. â€Å"I appeal to the whole world,† Sano continued. â€Å"I appeal to leaders from all over the world, to open our eyes to the stark reality that we face. I appeal to ministers. The outcome of our work is not about what our political masters want. It is about what is demanded of us by 7 billion people. I appeal to all, please, no more delays, no more excuses. Please, let Doha be remembered as the place where we found the political will to turn things around. † Anti-poverty and environmental NGOs are largely pointing the finger at wealthy countries—especially the U. S. , Canada, and New Zealand—for failing to raise their pledges on emissions cuts and providing little information on where climate financing will come from. The host nation, Qatar, has also come under heavy criticism for bringing little to the table, even though it is the world's largest greenhouse gas emitter per capita.

Solution for Classic Pen

Case Study: Classic Pen Company 1- Cost of production of the pens according to ABC method: INDIRECT FINGE BENEFICT INDIRECT LABOR TOTAL indirect Labor Indirect Labor Computer System Other Overhead Total overhead Quantity Overhear Rate 8,000 20,000 28,000 Production Runs Setup Time Administration Run Machines 14,000 11,200 2,800 8,000 2,000 14,000 22,000 11,200 4,800 14,000 150 526 4 10,000 146. 67 21. 29 1,200. 00 1. 40 Total 28,000 10,000 14,000 52,000 Overhead distribution among the cost Pool Amount of overhead 22,000. 00 11,200. 00 4,800. 00 14,000. 00 2,000. 00 100,000 Quantity 150 526 4 10,000 Rate Amount of overhead 8,000 100,000 0. 08 Quantity 100,000 Blue Production Runs Setup Time Administration Run Machines Total Overhead by pen Quantity of pen Overhead by unit of pen Black 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 38 1. 16 Blue 7,333. 33 4,258. 56 1,200. 00 7,000. 00 19,791. 89 50,000 0. 40 Black 7,333. 33 1,064. 64 1,200. 00 5,600. 00 15,197. 97 40,000 0. 38 Red 5,573. 33 4,854. 75 1,200. 00 1,260. 00 12,888. 09 9,000 1. 43 Purple 1,760. 00 1,022. 05 1,200. 00 140. 00 4,122. 05 1,000 4. 12 Blue 4,000. 00 50,000 . 08 Black 3,200. 00 40,000 0. 08 Red 720. 00 9,000 0. 08 Purple 80. 00 1,000 0. 08 Direct Fringe Benefit distribution among pen Direct Fringe Benefit Quantity of pen Direct Fringe Benefit by pen Cost of Production Material Cost Direct Labor Direct Fringe Benefit Overhead Cost Cost of Production 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 40 1. 18 Red 0. 52 0. 20 0. 08 1. 43 2. 23 Purple 0. 55 0. 20 0. 08 4. 12 4. 95 2- Actions that will be taken by Classic Pen Company As shown by the table below, the traditional cost shows the company is realizing benefit for all its pens.Blue Material Cost Direct Labor Overhead Cost Cost of Production Quantity of pen Cost of Production according to the Traditionnal Actual Unit Selling Price Profit/Loss $ Black 25,000 20,000 10,000 8,000 30,000 24,000 65,000. 00 52,000. 00 50,000 40,000 1. 30 1. 30 1. 50 1. 50 0. 20 $ 0. 20 $ Red Purple 4,680 550 1,80 0 200 5,400 600 11,880. 00 1,350. 00 9,000 1,000 1. 32 1. 35 1. 55 1. 65 0. 23 $ 0. 30 But with ABC Method we have realized that the unit selling price of the Red pen and Purple pen respectively $1. 5 and $1. 65 are less than the cost of production, therefore we expect that the Classic Pen Company will increase the unit selling price of these two pens. Blue Material Cost Direct Labor Direct Fringe Benefit Overhead Cost Cost of Production according to ABC Actual Unit Selling Price Profit/Loss $ 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 40 1. 18 1. 50 0. 32 $ Black 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 38 1. 16 1. 50 0. 34 $ Red 0. 52 0. 20 0. 08 1. 43 2. 23 1. 55 (0. 68) $ Purple 0. 55 0. 20 0. 08 4. 12 4. 95 1. 65 (3. 30) Solution for Classic Pen Case Study: Classic Pen Company 1- Cost of production of the pens according to ABC method: INDIRECT FINGE BENEFICT INDIRECT LABOR TOTAL indirect Labor Indirect Labor Computer System Other Overhead Total overhead Quantity Overhear Rate 8,000 20,000 28,000 Production Runs Setup Time Administration Run Machines 14,000 11,200 2,800 8,000 2,000 14,000 22,000 11,200 4,800 14,000 150 526 4 10,000 146. 67 21. 29 1,200. 00 1. 40 Total 28,000 10,000 14,000 52,000 Overhead distribution among the cost Pool Amount of overhead 22,000. 00 11,200. 00 4,800. 00 14,000. 00 2,000. 00 100,000 Quantity 150 526 4 10,000 Rate Amount of overhead 8,000 100,000 0. 08 Quantity 100,000 Blue Production Runs Setup Time Administration Run Machines Total Overhead by pen Quantity of pen Overhead by unit of pen Black 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 38 1. 16 Blue 7,333. 33 4,258. 56 1,200. 00 7,000. 00 19,791. 89 50,000 0. 40 Black 7,333. 33 1,064. 64 1,200. 00 5,600. 00 15,197. 97 40,000 0. 38 Red 5,573. 33 4,854. 75 1,200. 00 1,260. 00 12,888. 09 9,000 1. 43 Purple 1,760. 00 1,022. 05 1,200. 00 140. 00 4,122. 05 1,000 4. 12 Blue 4,000. 00 50,000 . 08 Black 3,200. 00 40,000 0. 08 Red 720. 00 9,000 0. 08 Purple 80. 00 1,000 0. 08 Direct Fringe Benefit distribution among pen Direct Fringe Benefit Quantity of pen Direct Fringe Benefit by pen Cost of Production Material Cost Direct Labor Direct Fringe Benefit Overhead Cost Cost of Production 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 40 1. 18 Red 0. 52 0. 20 0. 08 1. 43 2. 23 Purple 0. 55 0. 20 0. 08 4. 12 4. 95 2- Actions that will be taken by Classic Pen Company As shown by the table below, the traditional cost shows the company is realizing benefit for all its pens.Blue Material Cost Direct Labor Overhead Cost Cost of Production Quantity of pen Cost of Production according to the Traditionnal Actual Unit Selling Price Profit/Loss $ Black 25,000 20,000 10,000 8,000 30,000 24,000 65,000. 00 52,000. 00 50,000 40,000 1. 30 1. 30 1. 50 1. 50 0. 20 $ 0. 20 $ Red Purple 4,680 550 1,80 0 200 5,400 600 11,880. 00 1,350. 00 9,000 1,000 1. 32 1. 35 1. 55 1. 65 0. 23 $ 0. 30 But with ABC Method we have realized that the unit selling price of the Red pen and Purple pen respectively $1. 5 and $1. 65 are less than the cost of production, therefore we expect that the Classic Pen Company will increase the unit selling price of these two pens. Blue Material Cost Direct Labor Direct Fringe Benefit Overhead Cost Cost of Production according to ABC Actual Unit Selling Price Profit/Loss $ 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 40 1. 18 1. 50 0. 32 $ Black 0. 50 0. 20 0. 08 0. 38 1. 16 1. 50 0. 34 $ Red 0. 52 0. 20 0. 08 1. 43 2. 23 1. 55 (0. 68) $ Purple 0. 55 0. 20 0. 08 4. 12 4. 95 1. 65 (3. 30)

Final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final - Research Paper Example The necessity to create and develop new and cleaner supply of energy is both an imperative of environmental conservation and economics. The urgency of creating and developing new energy supply is urgent due to the damage wrought by the excessive carbon emission of the traditional sources of energy that caused irreversible climate change and other irreversible damage to the environment (Kelly, 2008). One alternative that is seriously considered is nuclear power. Just like any other source of power, nuclear power has its benefits and disadvantages. One of the most popular argument for the preferential use of nuclear power as an alternative source of energy is that it does not produce pollutants and thus can mitigate the effect of climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emission especially carbon dioxide. It also makes energy supplies more secure as the diversification of energy source will lessen the dependency on fuel imports. It is also a cheap source of energy as one single nuclea r power plant can produce tremendous amount of electricity. There are however concerns about the use of nuclear power as an alternative source of energy. Foremost to these concerns is the possibility of a nuclear meltdown just like what happened to Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi in Japan. Next is the issue of the disposal of radioactive waste which can prove to be deadly when a living thing is exposed, that includes humans, animals and plants. The Chernobyl disaster demonstrated how devastating a nuclear meltdown is that the nearby town of Pripyat in Ukraine still remained uninhabited today after the 1986 disaster and made it a reason why nuclear technology should not be used. The present reality however compels a serious consideration of an alternative source of energy. At present, other sources of energy are already depleted because they are non renewable and needs to be abandoned because they pollute the environment (Armaroli, & Balzani, 2011). Nuclear power provides an excellen t alternative because it does not release any pollutants to the atmosphere. Unlike the traditional fossil fuel which converts itself into carbon dioxide during its conversion into electrical energy, nuclear power does not emit carbon dioxide because it is not being burned to create electrical energy (Clemmit, 2010). Energy is created in a chemical process which decomposition takes place exothermally that heats up a water to create a steam that would consequently propel the connecting turbine to create electrical energy from a stored chemical energy. This technology was already available since 1600s and may have been first used as a weapon to bomb the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in the Second World War (Graetz, 2011) but it was only in 1957 that it was first used as a source of energy when the first nuclear power plant was constructed at Pennsylvania when a uranium atom was discovered that could be split to produce sub-atomic particles of high energy content (Kelley, 2008). The nuclear power as a source of energy also proved to be efficient because it only requires a very small amount of raw materials to produce a large quantity of energy (Cavallaro, 2010). Raiput even estimated that it a single nuclear plant could supply energy for an entire country for a long time (2006). It is also cost efficient because it requires minimal cost in its maintenance that could last up to sixty years (the regular

Effects of Environmental Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Effects of Environmental Pollution - Essay Example This paper analyses these effects with regard to air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution noise pollution, light pollution as well litter pollution. Environmental pollution presents both physical and biological effects. Physical effects of pollution are those that we can see. Nonetheless, they sometimes include environmental effects that do not cause physical damage. Biological effects on the other hand, are the most serious effect of environmental pollution. More than often, pollution has induced harmful biological effects on human health, and on the food chains of animals, marines and other living organisms. Thus, pollution can lead to a serious disruption of the balance of nature. In some extreme instances, pollution has caused death of human beings, both directly and indirectly. At this juncture, it is important to analyze the effects associated with each individual form of environmental pollution. The first and most prominent form of environmental pollution is air pollutio n. It refers to the introduction of chemicals and other biological material in the atmosphere. Air pollution causes harm and discomfort to human beings and other living organisms as well. ... Other health effects attributable to air pollution include asthma, reduced energy levels, headaches and dizziness, disruption of the endocrine and immune systems, cardiovascular disorders as well as neurobehavioral disorders. According to the World health organization, close to three million deaths worldwide can be directly attributed to air pollution (Hill 82). Chlorofluorocarbons emitted in the air are also known to cause severe damage by depleting the ozone layer hence contributing to global warming. Consequently, global warming has presented more adverse effects on humanity. Global warming refers to ecological as well as social changes which have transpired as a result of a rise in global temperatures. The global warming has caused a plethora of adverse effects on human health. Scientists have evidence that global warming has generally the escalated prevalence of certain diseases is intricately interlinked to global warming. In this regards, the soaring deaths due to diseases suc h as diarrhea, malaria and dengue fever have been attributed to the adverse effects of global warming. Secondly, we have water pollution. This refers to the contamination of water bodies. In most cases, water pollution occurs when various pollutants are directly of indirectly released into the water bodies. It is also caused by the disposal of industrial waste products into lakes, rivers, oceans and other water bodies. Acid rain is also another palpable contributor of water pollution. This has adverse effects on both plants and water-dwelling organism besides human beings. According to Hill (63), water pollution is known to cause an estimated fourteen thousand death per day. Most of these occur as a result of direct

Hewlett Packard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Hewlett Packard - Essay Example The researcher states that as per SWOT analysis of HP, the company’s internal analysis is based on its strengths and weaknesses. Strengths Products and solutions of HP are competitive and provide a cost advantage. During the recession of 2009, efforts focused on reducing cost base and making it variable got succeeded in giving it the competitive advantage. It was the result of following proper processes that it could control spending and maintain the organization stability by integrating the services businesses attained from Electronic Data Systems Corporation (EDS). It has been successful in maintaining the strength of its products, services, and brand HP. The workforce of HP stands high in technical expertise providing a solid base by adding stability to its functions. Restructuring of the workforce in services and product businesses in the fiscal year 2008 and 2009 has added value by controlling total costs and expenses. HP is competitively positioned to benefit from the business trends to align its printing businesses from analog to digital printing, producing innovative products like the web-enabled home printer, w eb and mobile printing, graphics and retail photo printing in annuity businesses, and in the managed print services business. HP is well positioned to integrate storage, networking, servers, and management software. Further, its IT management software development would fulfill virtualization management besides automating processes

Marketing Management Master Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

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Successful Conflict Resolution for Divorced Couples Essay

Successful Conflict Resolution for Divorced Couples - Essay Example At other times, people appear to have rushed into a marriage without properly understanding each other and knowing all the aspects of their spouse's personality. In such a scenario, marriage turns out to be a shock when one comes across the true nature of one's life partner. There is no dearth of cases when the couples tend to have different relational expectations and thus end up having a divorce. However, once a divorce is finalized, the problem does not end here only. The post divorce scenario gives ways to a plethora of conflicts and issues between the couples. The divorce process in itself tends to be a very stressful and trying situation for the involved couples. The entire procedures involves settling and deciding upon a whole range of vital issues like splitting the finances and assets, deciding as to whether the couple intends to go fore a divorce by mutual consent or intends to contest, and above all parenting and kids. Unless both the parties tend to cooperate and resolve their disputes with ample patience and caution, the divorce procedure and the post divorce situation could end up getting real nasty and miserable (Sherman, 2000). Under such circumstances, apt and effective interpersonal communication could play a pivotal role in a successful conflict resolution between the divorced couples. Interpersonal Interpersonal communication stands to be the interactive process that takes place between the two people and this interaction may tend to be face-to-face or may perhaps be mediated by a third party. Apt and conducive interpersonal communications not only plays a central role in most of the successful marriages, but it could also go a long way in settling disputes between the aggrieved couples in a post divorce scenario. Still, the irony is that in most of the divorces, shoddy interpersonal communication tends to be one of the, if not the sole responsible factor. Therefore, how can one expect the divorced couples to negotiate amicably in a post divorce scenarioDivorce can be really less painful if the divorced couples tend to be cognizant of some fundamentals of interpersonal communication. The basic thing to be understood by the divorced spouses is that they simply cannot escape the requisite interpersonal communication, even if they are divorced (King, 2000). Hence, a willingness to communicate tactfully with one's ex could go a long way in settling the post divorce issues, reasonably and amicably. The second thing that the divorced couples must accept is that interpersonal communication is always complex, especially in a divorce scenario (King, 2000). In addition, interpersonal communication always happens to be irreversible (King, 2000). One simply cannot rescind a message, once it is conveyed. Therefore, communication between divorced couples requires patience and a capacity to listen to each other. Above all, interpersonal communications always takes place in a context and never happens in

Conference and Banqueting Management Assignment

Conference and Banqueting Management - Assignment Example These include federal, education events, entertainment and cultural events. Events are also part of the marketing strategy and business purpose which involves trade exhibitions, fairs and promotions. In short, Event can be defined as the involvement and participation of the group of people to attend corporate goals and objectives A Conference is a formal meeting or forum where people meet and interact for several different reasons. The conferences have been a part of organizations all over the world for many years. Here the discussion is based on some common topic which every member present wants to discuss on. These conferences traditionally took place in the meeting rooms or board rooms of any organization. These conferences are also held in hotels and clubs. Today, with the advancement in technology, conferences have changed into video conferencing over the internet. The purpose of conferences changes with organization to organization and situation to situation. Today, many compan ies are still using the traditional means of conferencing and think that it is better than the video conferencing. This view also differs from company to company, like many organizations think that video conferencing is more effective and helpful for them. ... Conferences have direct relationship with tourism. This shows that the business world and conferences affect the tourism industry up to a great extent. Whenever the peak season of conferences is coming, the rate of tourism due to business also increases as conferencing required travelling of people from one country to another for the purpose of attending the conference. There are many different conference management systems available; many are helping for the traditional way of conferencing while others are helping in the modern way of conferencing like video conferencing. These systems make the conferences more effective and efficient and help in the reduction of many time consuming activities. View on Conference management D Munro’s Views According to the perspective of Mundro, traditional way of conferences was better. He thinks that face to face conferencing sitting together in a place was better than video conferencing. He thought that travelling was leisure and enjoyment for business people and it helped them in getting relieved and enjoying their work life. He thinks that the advancement of technology has affected the conference management and the value of conferencing (Mayer, Pesenhofer, and Rauber, 2006, pp. 359-366). The views of D Mundro are opposing the views of Tony Rogers, as Mundro thinks technology is not helping the conferences of the organizations but it is affecting the conference world (Miguel, 2007 pp. 51-57) Tony Roger’s Views According to the perspective of Tony Roger, new technology has enhanced and made the conference concept much better. As technology has advanced, conferences have changed into

Report on Media Legal Issues (Digital Movie Revolution) Research Paper

Report on Media Legal Issues (Digital Movie Revolution) - Research Paper Example In fact, a good number could not make independent films until they attended a certain school to acquire the equipment or they grew up with the set. In the past, most people faced challenges until they went to Hollywood to land a job on a movie set of the needed equipment. Conversely, today in as much as there is a lot of networking and dues paying to venture in the movie business, the internet radically has altered what looks like and more especially change has been in the accessibility (Silver, 2003). It has simplified almost for everyone to do video project and have seen as wished. This is possible since the advent of less expensive digital technology. Websites like Vimeo and YouTube have played a role in allowing anyone with camera to post a video. The computers made it possible to edit enabling anyone tweak their projects or other peoples projects to make them even look much better. As a result, many aspiring filmmakers, who would otherwise have lacked the resources to be seen, can now go public on their own. The movie industry probably will soon take the lead from the independent colleagues that have made significant steps towards digital filmmaking (Prince, 2012). This facilitates the digital revolution found in every setting of the movie industry. Indeed, this is a landmark development concerning the evolution in the field of entertainment. Allowing customers to be able to access and even own movies digitally by downloading via broadband internet connections has allowed them more power to be entertained to their satisfaction. Unfortunately, in the period when the movie industry was in aid of embracing digital distribution onl y a handful of the companies already had started the trend which did not include the video clip download sites (Silver, 2003). Already video streaming and the download sites have been able to provide content including the